If sertain types of chemicals were more common in blood of cancerpatients, other people at risk of exposure for chemicals perhaps in their work or drinkingwater could measure their blood levels and if high go through extra testing to exclude cancer.

Measure Chemicals in blood in cancerpatients and compare with healthy individuals to see if some type of chemical is more common in a specific Group of cancer patients.

By measuring ferritin with origin from the liver you can diagnose livermetastasis earlier than today.

Design a Clinical Chemistry method to separate liverspecific ferritin from Serum-Ferritin and analyze it. Increased levels of liverferritin should be seen in for example liverdamage or livercancer/livermetastasis.

First know thine enemy. More effort must be put into understanding cancer in all its forms. Only then will you be able to design precision medical treatments, and use them early in disease.

Researchers need to know that the starting point in adult cancers is a stalled G1 phase of the cell cycle. To produce precision medicine, you need to know that different cancers are cellular specific, and also have a familial or sporadic component. Knowing this, and the contents of my attachment, will allow the development of individualized treatment, that in some cases can be provided even before the start of malignancy.

Lungcancer screening with VOC could be done in individuals with high risk, lungcancer patients could be found earlier than today, hopefully in stage 1, five-year survival will hopefully improve. Hopefully VOC could also be used to find coloncancer.

VOC in screening for lungcancer should be used more often than today. More research needs to be done to learn more about which substances that should be analyzed and about how results differ in between different groups of patients.

We will make liver cancer screening automated, fast and easy, making it more accessible, less technically challenging and less expensive. This would enable routine screening of high-risk patients, increasing the ability to find the cancer earlier

We propose creating a software application to automate liver cancer screening for high risk patients and for other patients having MR or CT scans for the abdomen. This would make screening more cost effective and standardized globally. We plan to collect retrospective and prospective annotated images from several centers on our cloud platform and train an artificial intelligence system to automatically identify liver cancers in future scans

Oral cancer has high recurrence after primary treatment (30-50% within 2 years) as well as high mortality (~50%), and few new treatments are in development. The targeting of dysregulated oral bacterial activities is a new solution to this disease.

New evidence indicates that our bacterial passengers ('microbiomes') increase cancer development when they become dysbiotic (dysregulated). Using novel, sophisticated microbial metatranscriptomic approaches, we propose to identify the metabolic pathways that dysbiotic oral microbiomes express that increase cancer. These will serve as cancer biomarkers and as targets for interventions that block these pathways and prevent development/recurrence.

CDA’s proven, inexpensive tech requiring only simple blood draw with 75-90% success sensitivity/catching early cancer & specificity/disease’s location. Patients don’t mind noninvasive annual blood draw-doctors find/treat cancer early/save more lives.

Results from 30K cases prove CDA devices detect 16 different cancers by analyzing simple, non-invasive Blood Biopsies using CDA’s multi -level/parameter diagnostic algorithms & tech- achieving 75-90% sensitivity/specificity-measurably more accurate than most conventional screening. CDA’s inexpensive, produces no patient side effects & generates fewer false positives; patients regularly screen during annual checkup because CDA only a blood test.

The President’s Cancer Panel states, “…the true burden of environmentally induced cancer has been grossly underestimated.” Greater understanding of the influence of chemicals on cancer will reduce the incidence of cancer and save countless lives,

We need to rethink chemicals and cancer prevention. We should fund projects exploring mechanisms of carcinogenesis and chemical interactions; the carcinogenic potential of chemicals in the market; and development of testing protocols for chemical mixtures. The NIEHS and NTP should be involved in the creation and execution, being ideally positioned to provide collaborative, transparent data-sharing and to develop global research initiatives.

Cancer could be found early,before the patients has noticed any symtoms related to the cancer. The chances of curing the patient from cancer is better than if the cancer is diagnosed at a later stage.

Analyze levels of tumor markeras in healthy individuals. Compare these results with the results from when the individuas are older. Compare the results to find significant changes that can indicate cancer.

Empower physicians to make decisions leveraging the latest cancer prevention and survivorship knowledge and providing tailored decisions to individual patients

1. Support research which aims to discover cancer biomarkers and risk factors that are implementable in prediction models
2. Support translational research in developing and evaluating informatics tools for cancer prevention and survivorship

More common genetic biomarkers of cancer risk, especially those that can be modified by life exposures, would significantly reduce the cancer burden in the population. Such functional mutations offer the opportunity for meaningful cancer prevention.

One of the first microRNA binding sites mutations identified is the KRAS-variant, which predicts cancer risk primarily for women. This genetic difference is found in 6% of people, and is in up to 25% of newly diagnosed cancer patients. Cancer risk is modified for individuals with the KRAS-variant through estrogen exposure, which impacts this mutation. We propose to launch large collaborative studies of estrogen management for these individuals.

Primary prevention saves the cost & labor of cancer diagnosis & treatment for family members. Cancer patients are at an increased risk for recurrent disease & additional co-morbidites such as CVD, obesity & diabetes, all of which will be reduced.

We propose a RCT to test the hypothesis that given the appropriate health coaching & lifestyle behavior counseling individuals & families can reduce their cancer risk through the adoption & habitualization of healthy lifestyle behaviors. Utilizing an ehealth communication platform that integrates telephone, email, web & SMS, multi-lifestyle behavior health coaching/behavioral counseling could be disseminated to large populations at risk.

Screening for B7-H4 annually with a noninvasive blood test is a simple method to diagnose ovarian cancer early. A microfluidic chip made of plastic adds a beneficial cost and time factor that will prolong quality of life for future female patients.

B7-H4 is an antigen overexpressed on the surface of ovarian tumors. Utilizing the monoclonal antibody pair, the capture antibody is conjugated to an iron oxide nanoparticle via carbohydrate moiety and the detection antibody is linked to a fluorescent nanoparticle via spontaneous amide to thiol reaction. The fluorescence of the complex is tested. Eventually, the sandwich is compacted into a microfluidic chip to optimize cost and efficiency.

A highly accurate MR/PET exam would very likely be much more accurate (more sensitive and more specific) that a prostate bx. In addition a "one stop" MR/PET would be either less expensive ($4000) or the same expense as performing a prostate biopsy.

Identify a highly accurate (More sensitive and more specific) method of detecting prostate CA in men with an elevated PSA. The traditional method of identifying prostate CA in men with an elevated PSA utilizes trans rectal needle biopsies of the prostate that are known to miss significant number of high risk CA's in the anterior prostate gland and find too many low grade cancers. In addition, prostate biopsies average $5-10,000 in total cost.